Well casing spider



Sept. 15, 1931. F. B. ANGELL 1,823,183

WELL CAS ING SPIDER Filed Jan. 20, 1950 2 Sheets- Sheet 1 if INVENTOR. n F.B. flNGELL,

ATTORNEY.

F. B. ANGELL WELL CASING SPIDER Sept. 15, 1931.

Filed Jan. 20, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mu n a w w WM m z w z I I- 2 A 3 A 1 l .04 B

Patented Sept. 15. 1931' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WELL casme srmnn.

Application filed January 20, 1930. Serial H0. 422,007.

This invention relates to improvements in well casing spiders.

The general object of the invention is to provide an improved well casing spider in- 5 eluding means for supporting an operating member in the casing.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel spider having a plurality of jaws hinged thereto which are adapted to grip and hold a member in a suspended position, the jaws allowing upward movement of the member but preventing downward move ment thereof. I

v A further object of the invention is to provide a device as described including means whereby the working member and the jaws may be rotated while the jaws are in engagement with the member.

n Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein: Fig. 1 is a top plan view of my improved device. 1 Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a reduced section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2 with the cam ring shown in 'top plan.

Fig. 4 is a reduced perspective View of the cam ring.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary enlarged top plan.

view ofone of the slips.

Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of the device on a reduced scale.

Fig. 7 is a top plan view of a modification of the device shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive and Fig. 8 is an enlarged section taken on line 88 of Fig. 7.. a

Referring to the drawings by reference characters I have indicated my improved spider generally at 10. As shown this device includes a bodyportion 12 which includes a depending collar 13 and a depending neck 14 of less diameter than the collar 13, there being a recess 15 between the collar 13 and the neck 14. The neck 14 is externally threaded as at 16 for engagement with the internal threads of a casing collar 17 and the collar 13 is provided with a plurality of threaded apertures 18 in which set screws 19 are positioned and are adapted to engage the casing collar 17 to prevent turning of the body 12 relativethereto. e5 As shownthe body portion 12 includes a rabbeted portion 20 in which a roller bearing 21 is positioned. In the body and extending through the neck 14 I provide an aperture 22 which is preferably flared outwardly at both ends as shown. The body 12 is prefer-' ably made in two halves which are secured together by bolts 23 and nuts 24 as shown in Fig. 6. The raceways of the roller bearing member 21 are also made in two halves and suitably connected when they are positioned in the rabbeted portion 20.

Over the body portion 12 I provide a cap 25 which is adapted to rest on the roller bearing 21 and which includes *a depending skirt 26 which surrounds the body portion 12. The cap 25 includes a conically shaped aperture 27 coaxial with the aperture 22 of the body and with the upper end of the aperture 27 preferably flared as indicated at 28. The cap 25 like the body 12 is preferably made in two halves which are pivotally connected as at 28a and secured together by a bolt 28b and a nut 280. Y

In the upper surface of the cap 25 I proso vide a plurality of recesses 29 which are shown as four in number, in each of which is positioned a toggle member 30 having a handle 31 thereon. Each of the toggle members 30 is provided with rounded end portions 32 and 33 and adjacent each end with slots 34. Each toggle is 'slackly connected to the cap by a pin j 35 which is positioned in an aperture 36 in the cap and pases through the toggle slot 34. adjaoent the end 32 thereof. 1 z

The toggle members 30 are each adapted to support a slip 38 which, includes an undercut portion 39 whose outer surface is tapered to correspond to the taper of the aperture 27 in' the cap. The upper end of the undercut por- 9 tion 39 is rounded as at 40 to correspond to the rounded end 33 of the toggle member 30 and the outer ends of the recesses 29 in the cap are rounded as at 41 to correspond to the rounded ends 32 of the toggles.

The inner face of each of the toggles 30 is provided with arecessed portion 42 in which is positioned a jaw 43 having teeth 44 thereon. Each of the jaws 43 is shown as provided with a longitudinal slot 45 in the front face thereof and is secured to the slips by a screw 46. Each of the slips 38 is slackly connected to its associated toggle member by a pin 47 supported by the slip 38 and positioned in the toggle slot 34 adjacent the end 33 of the toggle.

In the upper portion of the cap 25 I provide an annular recess 49 in which a cam ring 50 is positioned. This cam ring is shown in detail in Fig. 4 and includes flat surfaced raised portions 51 which taper down to fiat surfaced low portions 52 and is preferably made in two halves which are interlocked as indicated at 52'.

The cam ring 50 is adapted to be freely rotatable in the recess 49 and for rotating the cam ring I provide a plurality of bars 53 which extend through slots 54 provided in, the cap 25 andare positioned in sockets 55 provided in the under face of the cam ring.

To retain the body portion 12 and the cap 25 in fixed relation to one another I provide a plurality of recesses 56 in the body 12 and a plurality of aligning apertures 57 in the cap skirt 26 in which pins 58 are adapted to be positioned.

The device 10 may be made in various sizes depending whether it is.to be used on a well in connection with tubing or sucker rods. In the accompanying drawings I have shown the device being used in connection with a sucker rod 60. When it is desired'to apply the device 10 to a well while the sucker rod is operating therein the body portion 12, the raceways of 40 the bearings 21 and the cap 25 are separated so that the two halves of the elements may be positioned around the sucker rod and then the elements are secured together. When it is used in a pumping well the slips 38 are moved to a raised position as shown in dotted lines In Fig. 2 and indicated at A. In this position the slips 38 allow free reciprocating movement of the sucker rod during a pumpmg operation.

When it is desired to remove the sucker rod or other working member from the well the slips are positioned in the tapered aperture 27 of the cap in which position the jaws thereon engage the sucker rod 60 as-shown in Fig. 55 1. When the slips v38 are in this position the sucker rod 60 may be moved upwardly but should the sucker rod be accidentally released from the elevating means the teeth of the jaws would grip the sucker rod and tend to move the slips 38 downward which would Wedge the slips in the conical aperture 27 and against the toggles 30. No strain is put on the pivot pins and 47 as they are positioned in the enlarged slots 34. The slips 38 are also used to hold the sucker rod in a suspended position when the elevator is being shifted from one section of rod to the other. When the sucker rod is being replaced in the well the cam ring 50 is rotated so that the raised portions 51 thereof engage the under surface of the toggle members 30 and retain them in a raised position as shown in dotted lines in .Fig. 1 and indicated at B. In this position the jaw faces of the slips 38 are out of engagement with the rod and allow free downward movement thereof. IVhen one section of rod has been lowered into the well the cam ring 50 is rotated to allow the toggles 30 to move downward and to allow the slips to engage the sucker rod to retain it in a suspended position, whereupon the elevator may be released, another section of rod secured to the first, the elevator attached to the new section of rod and the sl ps again moved to the position indicated at B.

If for any reason it is desired to rotate the rod 60 while it is suspended from the slips 38 the pins 58 are removed and the cap 25 may be rotated-011 the roller bearings 21.

To prevent slipping of the rod 60 relative to the slips 38 when the device is thus rotated I preferably insert a toothed key'62 in the slots 45 of the slips (see Fig. 5).

In Figs. 6 and 7 I have indicated generally at 65 a modified form of my invention. As shown the device 65 includes all the component parts of the device 10 with the exception that the slips are shown of a shape to engage a square member 66 and the body portion 12 is provided with a neck 67 having a flange 68 thereon which is adapted to be secured to a base 68 instead of the collar 13 and the neck 14.

The skirt 26 of the device 65 is shown as protruding below the body portion 12 and has an annular gear rack 69 secured to the under surface thereof as by screws 70. A pinion gear 71 is adapted to mesh with the rack 69 for'rotating the cap 25. The pinion gear 71 is shown as mounted on a shaft 72 positioned in a bearing 73 and is adapted to be rotated in any desired manner.

Between the under face of the body portion 12 and the upper face of the rack 69I provide an anti-friction bearing 74 which is adapted to bear the upward thrust of the.

rack when the device is rotated by the pinion 71.

The operation of the device 65. is similar in all respects to the operation of the device 10 with the exception that the member-en 'conically body coaxial with said casing,

spider for use with a well which is simple in construction and highlyeficient in use.

lVhat I claim is: n

1. For use with a well casing having a tool therein, a spider, said spider including a body portion and a cap, means on said body to secure said spider to said casing, an aperture in said body coaxial with said casing, said cap being supported on said body and being rotatable relative to said body portion, a shaped aperture in said cap coaxial with said body aperture, a plurality of toggles slackly connected to said cap, a slip slackly connected to each of said toggles, the outer face of each of said slips including a tapered portion adapted to be positioned in said conical aperture of said cap, the inner face of each of said slips having transverse teeth thereon, an annular groove in said cap, a cam ring positioned in said groove and freely rotatable therein. slots in said cap,

communicating with said annular groove, means extending through said slots and engaging said cam ring to move said cam ring, said cam ring including raised portions adapted to be moved into engagement with said toggles and elevate said toggles to there by move said slips out of said conical aper- -ture of said cap.

2. For use-with a well casing having a tool therein, a spider, said spider including a body portion and a cap, an aperture in said W said aperture being outwardly flared at both ends, said cap being rotatable on said body, a conically shaped aperture in said cap coaxial with said body aperture. the upper portion of said cap aperture being outwardly flared, a plurality 'of toggles on said cap, a slip connected to each of said toggles, each of said slips including a jaw adapted to engage said tool, means to move said toggles to thereby move said slips out of said conical aperture of said cap and means to secure said cap in fixed relation to said body portion.

3. For use with a well casing having atool therein, a spider, said spider includinga body portion and a cap, means on said body to secure said spider to said casing, an aperture in said body coaxial with said casing, said cap being supported on said body and being rotatable relative to said body portion, a conically shaped aperture in said cap co-' axial with said body aperture, a plurality of toggles connected to said cap, a slipslackly connected to each of said toggles, said slips including a tapered portion adapted to be positioned in said conical aperture of said cap and a portion to grip the tool, a cam member on said cap, means to move said cam member, said cam member including means adapted to engage said toggles and to elevate said toggles to thereby move said slips out of said conical aperture of said cap.

4. For use with a well casing having a tool therein, a spider, said spider including a body portion and a cap, means onsaid body to securesaid spider to said casing, an aperture in said body coaxial with said casing, said aperture being outwardly flared at both ends, said cap being rotatable relative to said body portion, a conically shaped aperture in said cap coaxial with said body aperture, the upper portion of said cap aperture being outwardly flared, a plurality of toggles slackly connected to said cap, a slip slackly connected to each of said toggles, the outer face of each ofsa'id slips including a tapered portion adapted to be positioned in said conical aperture of said cap, a jaw on each of said slips. a cam member on said cap and movable to move said toggles to thereby move said slips out ofsaid conical aperture of said cap and means to secure said cap in fixed relation to said body portion.

5. For use with a we l casing having a tool therein, a spider, said spider including a body portion and a cap, there being an aperture in said body coaxial with said casing, said aperture being outwardly flared at both en ((l1s, an anti-friction bearing on said body, sai being rotatable thereon relative to saidbody portion. there being a conically shaped aperture in said cap coaxial withsaid body aperture, the upper portion of said cap aperture being outwardly flared, a plurality of toggles slackly connected to said cap, a slip slackly connected to each of said toggles, the outer face of each of said slips including a tapered portion adapted to be positioned in said conical aperture of said cap, a jaw removably secured to the inner face of each of said slips and adapted to engage the tool, a cam member on said cap, means to move said cam member, said cam member including means adapted to be moved into engagement with said toggles to thereby move said slips out of said conical aperture of said cap and cap being supported on said bearing andv means to secure said cap in fixed relation to i said body portion.

6; For use with a well casing having a tool therein, a spider, said spider including a body portion and a cap, means on said body to secure said spider to said casing, an aperture in said body coaxial with said casing, said aperture being outwardly flared at both ends, an anti-friction bearing on said body, said cap being supported on said bearing and bemg rotatable thereon relative to said body portion, a conically shaped aperture in said cap coaxial with said body aperture, the upper portion of said cap aperture being outwardly flared, a plurality of toggles slackly connected to said cap, a slip slackly connected to each of said toggles, the outer face of each of said slips including a tapered portion adapted to be positioned in said conical aperture ofsaid cap, a jaw removably secured to the inner face of each of said slips, said jaws including transverse teeth on their inner face, an annular groove in said cap, a camring positioned in said groove and freely rotatable therein, slots in said cap communicating with said annular groove, means extending through said slots and engaging said cam ring to move saidcam ring, said cam ring including raised portions adapted to be moved into engagement with said toggles and elevate said toggles to thereby move said slips out of said conical aperture of said cap, means to secure said cap in fixed relation to said body portion, said means including a plurality of recesses in said body and a plurality of apertures in said cap, the apertures in the cap being alignable with the recesses in the body and a plurality of pins adapted to be positioned in said cap aperturesand adapted to extend into said body recesses.

7. For use with a well casing having a tool therein, a spider, said spider including a body portion and a cap, said body portion including a downwardly extending neck, said body having an aperture therein coaxial with said casing, an anti-friction bearing on said body. said cap being rotatably supported on said bearing, there being an aperture in said cap coaxial with said body aperture, a

plurality of toggles slackly connected to said cap, a slip slackly connected to each of said.

toggles, the outer face of each of said slips including a portion adapted to be positioned in said aperture of said cap, a jaw removably secured to the inner face of each of said slips and said jaws including transverse teeth on their inner face, an annular groove in said cap, a cam ring positioned in said groove and freely rotatable therein, slots in said cap communicating with said annular groove, means extending through said slots and engaging said cam ring to move said cam ring, said cam ring including means to be moved into engagement with said toggles to elevate said toggles to thereby move sald slips out of said aperture of said cap, means to secure said cap in fixed relation to said. body portion, said means including a plurality of recesses in said body and a plurality of apertures in said cap, the apertures n the cap being alignable with the recesses 1n the body, and a plurality of pins adapted to be positioned in said cap apertures and adapted to extend into said body recesses.

8. A spider including a body, a cap rotatable on said body, a plurality of slips on said cap, said cap having spaced recesses, lSflld slips having recesses aligned with sald cap recesses, a plurality of toggle levers, each lever having one end in a cap recess and the other end in a slip recess, and rotatable means on said cap for raising said slips,

9. A spider including a body, a cap on said body, a plurality of slips, means on said slips for engaging a working member, lever means for moving said slips and a member rotatable on said cap and having cam means .said slips including means to engage said tool, and means extending circumferentially of said cap and engaging said toggles to move the toggles and thereby move the slips.

11. In combination with a well casing hav ing a tool therein, a spider, said spider including a body portion and a cap, there being an aperturein said body coaxial with said casing, said cap being rotatable relative to said body portion, there being an aperture in said cap coaxial with said body aperture, a plurality of toggles, means to mount said toggles for movement on said cap, a slip connected to each of said toggles operating means on said cap to cause said toggles to move,

there being slots in said cap communicating with said operating means and means extending through said slots and engaging said operating means to actuate the same.

tool therein. a spider, said spider including a body portion and a cap, means on said body to secure said spider to said casing, an aperture in said body coaxial with said casing, said cap being supported on said body and being rotatable relative to said body portion, an aperture in said 'cap coaxial with said body aperture, a plurality of toggles slackly connected to said cap, a slip slackly connected to each of said toggles, each of 12. Fdr use with a well casing having a said slips including a. portion adapted to'be positioned in said aperture of said cap, a cam member freely rotatable on said cap, means to move said cam member, said cam member including raised portions adapted to be moved into engagement with said toggles to elevate said toggles and to therebymove said slips out of said aperture of said cap.

'13. For use with a well casing having a .tool therein, a spider, said spider including means to move said cam ring, said cam ring including raised portions adapted to be moved into engagement with said togglesto elevate said toggles and to thereby move said shps out of said aperture of said cap.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature. I

FRANK B. ANGELL. 

